Marcel Duchamp
- Fountain (1917)
likd the idea of encorporating the real world into art work - everyday things
- mona lisa; 'L.H.O.O.O' (1918)
cast a lot of doubt on what art is
twisting meanings

Hannah Hoch
Dadaism - modern art movement, performance, visual arts, music
early 20th century
questioning mainstream and authority of art
developed collage as a technique
Type form and existing imagery - really forces juxtaposition
the way certain elements relate to others
Raoul Hausmann - ABCD
image vs substance
extreme and crazy, frowned upon in fine art terms, now we see in a different light
Andy Warhol Mariyln Monroe 1964 by Richard Pettbone
Elaine Sturtevant (1973)
David LaChappelle - 'Amanda at Warhol's Marylin' (2002)


Sherrie Levine - After Walker Evans (1979)
Walker Evans - Alabama Tenant Farmer's Wife (1936)
Michael Mandiberg - Untitled (AfterSherrieLevine)
re-appropriating, representing, questioning their credibility and meaning, the impact they have, questioning authorship - how do you get authority to put your name on it - resetting the context of what it says
- question authority and authenticity
- question what art is or can be
- investigate process and making
- question the value and meaning of mass culture
- the superficiality of the appropriations
Cultural appropriation
- Sanaa Hamid, 2013, photographer
- western culture, white supremacy, restoring meaning in objects and identity
- Vogue Arabia - Gigi Hadid wore a hijab without being related to the culture
- Vogue India - using Kendall Jenner
'Orientalism' - Edward Said - critically exams the relationship between the west and oriental cultures - the power of the symbols, cultural superiority, imbedding wester history and relationships with other countries, colonialism, influence
Parody
changing twisting re-appropriating re-contextualising elements from popular culture
= Banksy 'Kate' 2005
= Ad busters 'Absolute Impotence' - taking really well received and known images and reproducing their vernacular, powerful parody, direct singularity
= 'Obsession for men' on Calvin Klein
= Bonnie and Clyde - 'God Bless Agyness Deny (2011)
= Jamie Reid - 'God Save The Queen' (Swastika Eye, 1971)
Pastice
= Stranger Things - Steven King novels, set in the 70s, Star Wars poster vibes
= Stranger & Stranger packaging for Ludlow Blunt


Using resources available, produced work that is informed by the current exploration of appropriation, subversion and parody. How can meanings be changed, skewed or re-contextualised using these techniques.
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