Monday, 15 April 2019

Investigation into Language: Types of Language

Glossary 
Key Words and Definitions:

Code has several meanings in the new world.
noun
1.a system of words, letters, figures, or symbols used to represent others, especially for the purposes of secrecy.
"the Americans cracked their diplomatic code"
2. program instructions.
"assembly code"

verb
1. convert (the words of a message) into a code so as to convey a secret meaning.
"only Mitch knew how to read the message—even the name was coded"
2.write code for (a computer program).
"most developers code C + + like C"


An emoji - a small image or icon which is used electronically, usually depicting emotions or common objects.
(e ? picture) ? (mo ? writing) ? (ji ? character)”. 


The word Homonymy (from the Greek—homos: same, onoma: name) is the relation between words with identical forms but different meanings—that is, the condition of being homonyms. A stock example is the word bank as it appears in "river bank" and "savings ​bank."

Hieroglyphs were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphs combined logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements, with a total of some 1,000 distinct characters. Cursive hieroglyphs were used for religious literature on papyrus and wood.




A lexicon, word-hoard, wordbook, or word-stock is the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge. In linguistics, a lexicon is a language's inventory of lexemes. The word "lexicon" derives from the Greek λεξικόν, neuter of λεξικός meaning "of or for words."

Onomatopoeia is the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named (e.g. cuckoo, sizzle, pop) / any words, expressions or phrases that aim to imitate or recreate a sound or feeling.



Orthography - spelling system of a language 

Pictography is a form of writing which uses representational, pictorial drawings, similarly to cuneiform and, to some extent, hieroglyphic writing, which also uses drawings as phonetic letters or determinative rhymes. Some pictograms, such as Hazards pictograms, are elements of formal languages.

A pidgin /ˈpɪdʒɪn/, or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn from several languages.

Polysemic - the coexistence of many possible meanings for a word or phrase 


A rebus (/ˈriːbəs/) is a puzzle device which combines the use of illustrated pictures with individual letters to depict words and/or phrases. For example: the word ‘been’ might be depicted by a "rebus" showing an illustrated bumblebee next to a plus sign (+) and the letter "n". It was a favourite form of heraldic expression used in the Middle Ages to denote surnames. 






Semiotics is the study of sign process. It includes the study of signs and sign processes, indication, designation, likeness, analogy, allegory, metonymy, metaphor, symbolism, signification, and communication.

It is an investigation into how meaning is created and how meaning is communicated. Its origins lie in the academic study of how signs and symbols (visual and linguistic) create meaning. It is a way of seeing the world, and of understanding how the landscape and culture in which we live has a massive impact on all of us unconsciously.


Stimulus diffusion is a type of cultural diffusion, which is a process in which trends spread from place to place. Stimulus diffusion is when a trend spreads to a new location or cultural context and changes in its new location or context. 

Syntax is the set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the structure of sentences in a given language, usually including word order.


Toki Pona is a minimal language. Like a pidgin, it focuses on simple concepts and elements that are relatively universal among cultures. It was designed to express maximum meaning with minimum complexity. The language has 14 phonemes and has 120 words.



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